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Wang et al., 2022), and functional short peptides such as WP9QY (W9) (Zhao et al., 2024b) and PPFLMLLKGSTR (Sun et al., 2024) to form composite hybrid hydrogels that improved the RADA16 hydrogel hydrophilicity and mechanical strength while imparting it with new biological activity

Effectively, the GSDMD-mediated pyroptosis process promotes the release of mtDNA

Semaglutide and tirzepatide have FDA approved uses, while some other peptides discussed online or in wellness settings are not FDA approved drugs and may involve added safety and regulatory considerations

Exp Neurol 209:213223 Wang L, Yang HJ, Xia YY, Feng ZW (2010) Insulin-like growth factor 1 protects human neuroblastoma cells SH-EP1 against MPP+-induced apoptosis by AKT/GSK-3beta/JNK signaling