doi: 10.1148/radiol.2421060083 22 CzarnyP.WignerP.GaleckiP.SliwinskiT
Identification of the metabolic differences between microbial pathogens and their hosts, as well as the design of species-specific antimicrobial agents targeting the differential metabolic pathways, therefore represent the most promising fields of research and are strongly supported by recent developments in biological methodology and system biology that allow a better understanding of pathogenic mechanisms at various levels [8, 22, 59]
Eosinophil granules contain proinflammatory proteins (major basic protein [MBP], eosinophil cationic protein [ECP], eosinophil-derived neurotoxin [EDN], eosinophil peroxidase [EPO], etc.), PAF, and hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anions, which are the main weapons used to eliminate parasites (especially helminths), as well as bacteria (including mycobacteria)
Under normal conditions, HIFs are hydroxylated by the hydroxylase family in an oxygen-dependent manner, which leads to a substantial reduction in the transcriptional activity of HIFs, whereas under hypoxic conditions, the hydroxylate activity is inhibited, and HIFs accumulate in the cytoplasm